How does a child move from direct answers to text analysis?
Start with purpose and text type, find relationships, claims and evidence, then connect paragraphs. Analysis is not repetition; it is a clear idea supported by evidence and explanation.
Practical takeaways
- Purpose determines speed and strategy.
- A claim is an idea that can be supported or debated.
- Evidence needs explanation connecting it to the answer.
Previewing before close reading
Examine the title, headings and paragraph openings, then identify the question. Close reading becomes a focused search rather than equal attention to every word.
Text structure and relationships
Identify cause and effect, comparison, problem and solution, or argument. Linking words help, but understanding the whole relationship matters.
Claim and evidence
Identify what the author wants accepted and the information offered. Ask whether evidence is specific, relevant and sufficient; distinguish examples, opinions and facts.
An organised analytical answer
Start with a direct answer, add textual evidence and explain its support. For a complex question, organise two points instead of a scattered paragraph.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a topic and an idea?
A topic is a general subject; the idea is what the text says about it.
Is every number strong evidence?
No. Check source, context and relevance to the claim, not the number alone.
How do we identify the author’s viewpoint?
Look at choices, descriptions, claims and evidence, then compare with neutral information or another position.